Cervical cancer: Cervical cancer is the second biggest cancer among Indian women, be alert as soon as you see these 5 symptoms
Cervical cancer is one of the most common gynecological cancers in women in developing countries. The cervix is the lower part of the uterus that connects the uterus to the vagina. The death toll from cervical cancer is also quite high. Cervical cancers are often related to an underlying infection with human papilloma virus (HPV), which is usually sexually transmitted. HPV can cause pre-cancerous changes in cervical cells that eventually lead to cervical cancer. HPV vaccine, if given at an early age, plays an important role in preventing HPV infection and cervical cancer.
While cervical cancer can be a slow-growing disease, if not detected early, it can spread to other parts of the body such as the abdomen, liver, urinary bladder or lungs. Know about the early signs and symptoms of cervical cancer here.
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Signs and symptoms of cervical cancer
This disease mostly remains undetected in the early stages without any symptoms and primary symptoms may take years to develop. Read on to know some common signs and symptoms of stage 1 cervical cancer:
Postcoital bleeding i.e. vaginal bleeding after intercourse
Irregular or sudden bleeding between periods or bleeding after menopause
Foul-smelling vaginal discharge or pain during intercourse
Painful urination
Diarrhea
Bleeding from the rectum
Fatigue
Weight loss
Loss of appetite
Pelvic or abdominal pain
Gynecological examinations with tests are usually effective in detecting most cases of cervical cancer by checking for signs of pre-cancer and irregularities. Other tests such as HPV molecular tests are done to check cervical cells specifically for the HPV virus. Biopsies are done by taking tissue samples through techniques such as punch biopsy or endocervical curettage to diagnose suspected cancer.
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Like most other cancers, cervical cancer is also divided into 4 stages. Stage one is mostly undetected without symptoms and means that the cancer is only in the cervix and has not spread to other parts. In stage two, the infection has spread beyond the cervix and uterus, but has not yet spread to the pelvic wall. Cancer can spread to the vagina and the lower part of the pelvic wall in stage III and finally in stage IV it penetrates the bladder, rectum or other parts of the body such as your bones or lungs.
Cervical Cancer Prevention
Raising awareness about the signs and symptoms of cervical cancer, early detection through pap smear screening and molecular tests will go a long way in reducing the mobility and mortality from this dangerous disease.