Why is water offered to the setting sun during Chhath Puja? On the third day of the four-day festival of Chhath Puja, an offering is made to the setting sun. This festival is dedicated to the worship of Chhathi Maiya and the Sun God. The first day of Chhath Puja is Nahay-Khaay, the second day is Kharna, and on the third day, offering water to the setting sun is performed. On the fourth day, offering water to the rising sun concludes the 36-hour fast. Each day of this four-day festival holds special religious and scientific significance. On the third day, i.e., Sandhya Arghya, devotees offer water to the setting sun. Most people wonder why offering water to the setting sun is always done during Chhath Puja.

Offering Arghya to the Sun is a Symbol of Gratitude

In Hinduism, the Sun is considered a deity and the sole giver of life, energy, and health on Earth. Chhath Puja involves worshipping the Sun and his wife, Usha (Pratyusha). On the third day, as the sun sets, devotees thank the Sun for providing light, energy, and life throughout the day. This offering is a symbol of gratitude. It is believed that offering Arghya to the setting Sun helps maintain balance and patience through the ups and downs of life. It is also said that as the Sun sets, its rays have a cooling effect on the body, bringing peace to both mind and body. The sight of offering Arghya to the setting Sun together on the ghats becomes a symbol of unity, equality, and collective faith.

Therefore, offering Arghya to the setting Sun is performed.
On the third day of Chhath Puja, standing in a river, pond, or pool, Arghya is offered to the setting Sun in the evening. It is believed that in the evening, the Sun God is with his second wife, Pratyusha. In mythology, Pratyusha is considered the goddess of the evening, while his first wife, Usha, is considered the goddess of the morning rays. It is said that offering prayers to the setting sun in the evening provides relief from stress and brings peace to life. Offering prayers to the setting sun also teaches us to maintain faith and belief not only during times of success but also during difficult times.

Scientifically, the evening sun's rays have less ultraviolet radiation. The sun's redness and mild warmth at this time are considered beneficial for the body and provide vitamin D, which is beneficial for the skin, eyes, and bones. Standing in water and offering prayers to the sun provides mental peace, similar to meditation and yoga.

Why is Arghya offered to the rising Sun?
On the fourth day of Chhath Puja, i.e., the Ushakaleen Arghya, devotees offer Arghya to the rising Sun. This symbolizes new beginnings and positivity in life. Thus, the Chhath festival gives equal respect to both phases of the Sun—setting and rising. At this time, Lord Surya is accompanied by his first wife, Usha, who represents the dawn (morning) rays.

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